Various Tesla book cover images

Nikola Tesla Books

Books written by or about Nikola Tesla

Related content from pages

Designation
387

LXI. This is another most beautiful photograph showing streamers and sparks issuing from a disk facing the camera. The extra coil is viewed centrally, as before, the disk forming the free terminal being on a point of the vertical axis of the coil. It seems that in some quick moving streamers the individual discharges are recorded, at least the texture appears far too fine for the break wheel period. Assume, for example, 4000 breaks per

Designation
392

second and let the vibration be, say, 60,000 per second - then there would be 30 individual discharges in each break wheel period, understanding by this the time interval from one break to the next, or from one closure to the next. Since the break wheel effect is always seen, even when the streamer moves slowly, it would seem that the finer threads indicate the individual discharges. At any rate, with a stronger draught the latter can be evidently easily recorded and this might be a simple way of exactly determining the vibration of the system, certainly simpler than analysis by a revolving mirror.

This experiment I expect to perform on my return for it is indispensable to determine the vibration quite exactly. Up to the present this necessity was not imperative, the method used being satisfactory so long as the chief purpose was to perfect the apparatus and make general observations. But now quantitative estimates have become important. To return to the description, the strong sparks to the hood are particularly curious. The strong current of air is evident from their behaviour and also from the appearance of the upper streamers. Some very strong sparks pass to the coil in series with the extra coil. One of the streamers striking the floor ignites the wood. Many streamers are carried through the opening in the roof. One, exceptionally long, passes to the photographer in the corner of the building. The shock is but slight as might be expected. A spark might be fatal, but there was no possibility of a spark taking that course without being stopped by conducting objects nearer to the origin. Some of the upper streamers are chopped up curiously indicating the presence of small whirls or eddies in the air current passing through the roof opening. The switch was here also closed 100 times; the closures were very short and the other particulars remained as before.

Phot. LXI. Streamers and sparks issuing from a disk facing the camera.

Glossary

Lowercase tau - an irrational constant defined as the ratio of the circumference of a circle to its radius, equal to the radian measure of a full turn; approximately 6.283185307 (equal to 2π, or twice the value of π).
A natural rubber material obtained from Palaquium trees, native to South-east Asia. Gutta-percha made possible practical submarine telegraph cables because it was both waterproof and resistant to seawater as well as being thermoplastic. Gutta-percha's use as an electrical insulator was first suggested by Michael Faraday.
The Habirshaw Electric Cable Company, founded in 1886 by William M. Habirshaw in New York City, New York.
The Brown & Sharpe (B & S) Gauge, also known as the American Wire Gauge (AWG), is the American standard for making/ordering metal sheet and wire sizes.
A traditional general-purpose dry cell battery. Invented by the French engineer Georges Leclanché in 1866.
Refers to Manitou Springs, a small town just six miles west of Colorado Springs, and during Tesla's time there, producer of world-renown bottled water from its natural springs.
A French mineral water bottler.
Lowercase delta letter - used to denote: A change in the value of a variable in calculus. A functional derivative in functional calculus. An auxiliary function in calculus, used to rigorously define the limit or continuity of a given function.
America's oldest existing independent manufacturer of wire and cable, founded in 1878.
Lowercase lambda letter which, in physics and engineering, normally represents wavelength.
The lowercase omega letter, which represents angular velocity in physics.